다양한 주행환경에서 시뮬레이션 기법을 활용한 전기자동차의 배터리 에너지 손실 분석

In winter, the range of electric vehicles significantly decreases due to cabin heating and poor battery performance in low temperatures. As the battery temperature drops, the internal resistance of the battery rises, increasing energy loss. This study developed an electric vehicle simulation model using MATLAB/Simulink, which was used to analyze energy loss caused by battery internal resistance. The MCT mode, commonly employed for the electric vehicle energy efficiency test, was utilized for the drive mode, and various road gradients were applied to investigate the battery characteristics over a broader range of power. The simulation results demonstrated that, at a 0 % road gradient, the energy losses at low temperatures(0 °C) were approximately 4.54 times higher than those at high temperatures(30 °C). Similarly, for 3% and 6 % road gradients, the energy losses were about 7.62 and 7.79 times higher at 0 °C than at 30 °C, respectively.