마이크로웨이브로 추출한 소인제(Aeonium sedifolium) 추출물이 LPS로 유도된 Raw 264.7 Cell에서 염증반응에 미치는 영향

In this study, we aimed to extract valuable components from Aeonium sedifolium. Extraction using 50% ethanol yielded higher levels of total phenolic compound and resulted in higher inhibition of hyaluronidase compared to water extraction. Cytotoxicity assays on Raw 264.7 cells revealed no adverse effects at concentrations below 50 and 20 μg/mL in water and ethanol extracts, respectively. Furthermore, the exhibited concentration-dependent inhibition of nitric oxide production, with microwave extraction (ME) demonstrating superior inhibition compared to conventional extraction (CE). Protein expression levels of cyclooxygenase 2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase were also suppressed in both ME and CE extracts, with ME showing greater efficacy than CE. Additionally, inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and prostaglandin E synthase 2 were suppressed, with ME exhibiting higher inhibition rates. These findings highlight the anti-inflammatory activity of A. sedifolium extracts, with ME proving to be more effective than conventional methods.