A checklist of the geophytes of Fergana Valley, Middle Asia—A monocotyledonous plant and biogeographical analysis

The composition of monocotyledonous geophytes of the Fergana Valley, one of the most densely populated regions of Middle Asia, consisting of 206 species, 27 genera, and 10 families was documented. Among them, four species were detected for the first time in the Uzbekistan flora and eight species were added to the composition of the mountain ridges surrounding the valley. The major families are Amaryllidaceae (84; 40.77%), Liliaceae (63; 30.58%), Iridaceae (22; 10.67%), and Asphodelaceae (13; 6.46%). The flora is dominated by the Mountain Middle Asian elements—136 species that are 67% of all monocotyledonous geophytes of the Fergana Valley. Forty-five species are endemic or subendemic species of the Fergana Valley. Twenty-two species of them are included in The Red Data Book of the Republic of Uzbekistan.