TY - JOUR
T1 - Aspergillus awamori ameliorates the physicochemical characteristics and mineral profile of mung bean under salt stress
AU - Ali, Raid
AU - Gul, Humaira
AU - Hamayun, Muhammad
AU - Rauf, Mamoona
AU - Iqbal, Amjad
AU - Shah, Mohib
AU - Hussain, Anwar
AU - Bibi, Hamida
AU - Lee, In Jung
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s).
PY - 2021/12
Y1 - 2021/12
N2 - Background: In the list of abiotic stresses, salt stress is a main growth retarding factor which affects 7% of rain-fed while 30% worldwide irrigated agriculture. However, various strategies are assumed to manage this problem, but the use of endophytes is cheap and eco-friendly. The goal of this study was to evaluate the behavior of endophytic Aspergillus awamori (EWF) in creating salt tolerance in mung bean in terms of its seedling growth, biochemical indices, antioxidant enzymes, endogenous IAA, and ionic status of the plant. Results: The results revealed that the 150 mM of NaCl reduced seedling growth (seedlings’ weight and length; leaves number), chlorophyll contents, and IAA. On the other hand, proline, polyphenols, flavonoids, tannin, lipid peroxidation, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase were increased. Inoculation of EWF had promoted the mung bean growth under all tested conditions. EWF enhanced the biomass and IAA contents of the mung bean plants under salt stress. Moreover, EWF-associated mung bean seedlings exhibited low accumulation of stress markers, and Cl, Na, Na/K, and Ca/K ratio, whereas higher concentrations of Ca, Mg, K, N, and P in mung bean seedlings. Conclusion: The results provided a sustainable approach in using endophytic EWF under salt stress, thus concluded that this fungus can be very handy in mung bean as well as other important crop production in saline areas.[Figure not available: see fulltext.].
AB - Background: In the list of abiotic stresses, salt stress is a main growth retarding factor which affects 7% of rain-fed while 30% worldwide irrigated agriculture. However, various strategies are assumed to manage this problem, but the use of endophytes is cheap and eco-friendly. The goal of this study was to evaluate the behavior of endophytic Aspergillus awamori (EWF) in creating salt tolerance in mung bean in terms of its seedling growth, biochemical indices, antioxidant enzymes, endogenous IAA, and ionic status of the plant. Results: The results revealed that the 150 mM of NaCl reduced seedling growth (seedlings’ weight and length; leaves number), chlorophyll contents, and IAA. On the other hand, proline, polyphenols, flavonoids, tannin, lipid peroxidation, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase were increased. Inoculation of EWF had promoted the mung bean growth under all tested conditions. EWF enhanced the biomass and IAA contents of the mung bean plants under salt stress. Moreover, EWF-associated mung bean seedlings exhibited low accumulation of stress markers, and Cl, Na, Na/K, and Ca/K ratio, whereas higher concentrations of Ca, Mg, K, N, and P in mung bean seedlings. Conclusion: The results provided a sustainable approach in using endophytic EWF under salt stress, thus concluded that this fungus can be very handy in mung bean as well as other important crop production in saline areas.[Figure not available: see fulltext.].
KW - Aspergillus awamori (EWF)
KW - Endophytic fungi
KW - IAA
KW - Ions
KW - Mung bean
KW - Salinity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85101054667&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1186/s40538-021-00208-9
DO - 10.1186/s40538-021-00208-9
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85101054667
SN - 2196-5641
VL - 8
JO - Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture
JF - Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture
IS - 1
M1 - 9
ER -