Association of C-509T and T869C Polymorphisms of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Gene With Chronic Allograft Nephropathy and Graft Survival in Korean Renal Transplant Recipients

Purpose: Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) has been associated with the promotion of renal allograft interstitial fibrosis and thereby chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN). The literature on TGF-β1 polymorphisms and their importance in graft survival and CAN is not conclusive. Methods: TGF-β1 gene polymorphisms (C-509T and T869C) were examined in a group of 207 Korean renal transplant recipients using real-time polymerase chain reaction assays. The CAN group (n = 18) was defined by a typical biopsy confirming CAN or chronic calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity. The rest of the patients were classified into the No CAN group (n = 189). Results: No significant differences were observed in the genotype distributions of both C-509T and T869 polymorphisms between the two groups. Allele frequencies and age-, sex-, HLA mismatch-adjusted odds ratio of each genotype as assessed by logistic regression analysis were also not significantly different between the two groups. Linkage disequilibrium coefficients between polymorphisms indicated that investigated polymorphisms of TGF-β1 (D′ = 0.98) were in tight linkage. However, there were no significant differences in the frequencies of the reconstructed haplotypes between the two groups. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests did not indicate any statistically significant effects of TGF-β1 gene polymorphisms on graft survival. Conclusion: TGF-β1 gene polymorphisms (C-509T, T869C) are not significantly associated with an increased risk of development of CAN and graft survival in Korean renal transplant recipients.