Cellular Stress Responses against Coronavirus Infection: A Means of the Innate Antiviral Defense

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5 Scopus citations

Abstract

Cellular stress responses are crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Stress granules (SGs), activated by eIF2α kinases in response to various stimuli, play a pivotal role in dealing with diverse stress conditions. Viral infection, as one kind of cellular stress, triggers specific cellular programs aimed at overcoming virus-induced stresses. Recent studies have revealed that virus-derived stress responses are tightly linked to the host's antiviral innate immunity. Virus infection-induced SGs act as platforms for antiviral sensors, facilitating the initiation of protective antiviral responses called "antiviral stress granules" (avSGs). However, many viruses, including coronaviruses, have evolved strategies to suppress avSG formation, thereby counteracting the host's immune responses. This review discusses the intricate relationship between cellular stress responses and antiviral innate immunity, with a specific focus on coronaviruses. Furthermore, the diverse mechanisms employed by viruses to counteract avSGs are described.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1-9
Number of pages9
JournalJournal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
Volume34
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - 28 Jan 2024

Keywords

  • Coronavirus
  • Interferon
  • RIG-I-like receptors
  • antiviral stress granule
  • toll-like receptors
  • virus immune evasion

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