Characteristics of bioactive HA/TiO₂ coating nanoparticles for biomedical applications by using sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate surfactant

Hydroxyapatite/titanium dioxide (HA/TiO₂) composite coatings have been researched for biomedical applications because of their many favorable properties. Recently, TiO₂-coated HA has garnered much attention in bone regeneration. In this study, we prepared HA-coated TiO₂ composites using sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) surfactant to enhance dispersion and increase the surface energy while avoiding protein denaturation. The coated surfaces were determined by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. Their hydrophilic behavior was characterized using a contact angle analyzer. After coating with TiO₂ and TiO₂/SDBS, the surfaces were easily wetted resulting in a remarkable reduction in contact angle to 24.5 ? 3? and 0?. HA/TiO₂ coatings were successfully synthesized using SDBS to achieve better TiO₂ dispersion and good wettability by the straightforward method. HA/TiO₂ (0.1%)/SDBS coating showed remarkably lower water contact angle proving that TiO₂ can be reduced to 0.1% without the concern of nanotoxicity.