Continuous eyebox expansion in holographic near-eye displays using a liquid crystal tunable active beam deflector

We present a compact holographic near-eye display that integrates an electrically tunable active liquid crystal beam deflector for continuous exit pupil expansion. This design addresses the trade-off between eyebox size and field of view (FOV) by overcoming the diffraction limit of the spatial light modulator (SLM). By angularly steering the illumination beam toward the reflective SLM, our system decouples the eyebox from the SLM's fixed diffraction range. Unlike passive methods with discrete pupils, our voltage-controlled deflector enables seamless eyebox expansion (∼11.8 mm at 4.5° steering angle) while providing ∼9° horizontal FOV, ensuring bright, high-fidelity holographic imagery with improved user comfort.