Cool white light generation of Dy³⁺ activated aluminum sodium calcium borate glass for W-LED application

The Dy³⁺-activated aluminum sodium calcium borate glass with white light emission might have been created through the melt-quenching process. This research explores the optical and luminescence characteristics of borate glasses. Dy³⁺-activated glasses exhibit absorption in the visible (VIS) and near-infrared spectrums. The absorption starts from the ⁶H_15/2 ground state to the higher state concerning optical characteristics. The emission spectra of dysprosium-doped glasses' photoluminescence show greater intensity at 483 nm (blue light) and 575 nm (yellow light), which are critical wavelengths for white light-generating materials. The luminescence intensity of Dy³⁺ ions increased up to a 0.50 mol% concentration, while the decay time decreased with an increasing dysprosium ion concentration. The emission spectra were used to estimate the CIE 1931 chromaticity and corresponding color temperature, revealing a shift towards the cold white light location at that temperature. The stimulated emission cross-section is calculated via the Judd-Ofelt theory. All characteristic outcomes suggest that the existing dysprosium-enabled glasses are excellent materials for generating cool white light in W-LED applications.