Cosmic Ray Energetics and Mass for the International Space Station (ISS-CREAM)

E. S. Seo; T. Anderson; D. Angelaszek; S. J. Baek; J. Baylon; M. Buénerd; M. Copley; S. Coutu; L. Derome; B. Fields; M. Gupta; J. H. Han; I. J. Howley; H. G. Huh; Y. S. Hwang; H. J. Hyun; I. S. Jeong; D. H. Kah; K. H. Kang; D. Y. Kim; H. J. Kim; K. C. Kim; M. H. Kim; K. Kwashnak; J. Lee; M. H. Lee; J. T. Link; L. Lutz; A. Malinin; A. Menchaca-Rocha; J. W. Mitchell; S. Nutter; O. Ofoha; H. Park; I. H. Park; J. M. Park; P. Patterson; J. R. Smith; J. Wu; Y. S. Yoon

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2014.01.013

Cosmic Ray Energetics and Mass for the International Space Station (ISS-CREAM)

E. S. Seo, T. Anderson, D. Angelaszek, S. J. Baek, J. Baylon, M. Buénerd, M. Copley, S. Coutu, L. Derome, B. Fields, M. Gupta, J. H. Han, I. J. Howley, H. G. Huh, Y. S. Hwang, H. J. Hyun, I. S. Jeong, D. H. Kah, K. H. Kang, D. Y. KimH. J. Kim, K. C. Kim, M. H. Kim, K. Kwashnak, J. Lee, M. H. Lee, J. T. Link, L. Lutz, A. Malinin, A. Menchaca-Rocha, J. W. Mitchell, S. Nutter, O. Ofoha, H. Park, I. H. Park, J. M. Park, P. Patterson, J. R. Smith, J. Wu, Y. S. Yoon

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Abstract

The Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass (CREAM) instrument is configured with a suite of particle detectors to measure TeV cosmic-ray elemental spectra from protons to iron nuclei over a wide energy range. The goal is to extend direct measurements of cosmic-ray composition to the highest energies practical, and thereby have enough overlap with ground based indirect measurements to answer questions on cosmic-ray origin, acceleration and propagation. The balloon-borne CREAM was flown successfully for about 161 days in six flights over Antarctica to measure elemental spectra of Z = 1-26 nuclei over the energy range 10 ¹⁰ to >10 ¹⁴ eV. Transforming the balloon instrument into ISS-CREAM involves identification and replacement of components that would be at risk in the International Space Station (ISS) environment, in addition to assessing safety and mission assurance concerns. The transformation process includes rigorous testing of components to reduce risks and increase survivability on the launch vehicle and operations on the ISS without negatively impacting the heritage of the successful CREAM design. The project status, including results from the ongoing analysis of existing data and, particularly, plans to increase the exposure factor by another order of magnitude utilizing the International Space Station are presented.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1451-1455
Number of pages	5
Journal	Advances in Space Research
Volume	53
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2014.01.013
State	Published - 15 May 2014

Keywords

CREAM
Cosmic rays
Direct measurements
Elemental spectra

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10.1016/j.asr.2014.01.013

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Seo, E. S., Anderson, T., Angelaszek, D., Baek, S. J., Baylon, J., Buénerd, M., Copley, M., Coutu, S., Derome, L., Fields, B., Gupta, M., Han, J. H., Howley, I. J., Huh, H. G., Hwang, Y. S., Hyun, H. J., Jeong, I. S., Kah, D. H., Kang, K. H., ... Yoon, Y. S. (2014). Cosmic Ray Energetics and Mass for the International Space Station (ISS-CREAM). Advances in Space Research, 53(10), 1451-1455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2014.01.013

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abstract = " The Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass (CREAM) instrument is configured with a suite of particle detectors to measure TeV cosmic-ray elemental spectra from protons to iron nuclei over a wide energy range. The goal is to extend direct measurements of cosmic-ray composition to the highest energies practical, and thereby have enough overlap with ground based indirect measurements to answer questions on cosmic-ray origin, acceleration and propagation. The balloon-borne CREAM was flown successfully for about 161 days in six flights over Antarctica to measure elemental spectra of Z = 1-26 nuclei over the energy range 10 10 to >10 14 eV. Transforming the balloon instrument into ISS-CREAM involves identification and replacement of components that would be at risk in the International Space Station (ISS) environment, in addition to assessing safety and mission assurance concerns. The transformation process includes rigorous testing of components to reduce risks and increase survivability on the launch vehicle and operations on the ISS without negatively impacting the heritage of the successful CREAM design. The project status, including results from the ongoing analysis of existing data and, particularly, plans to increase the exposure factor by another order of magnitude utilizing the International Space Station are presented.",

keywords = "CREAM, Cosmic rays, Direct measurements, Elemental spectra",

author = "Seo, {E. S.} and T. Anderson and D. Angelaszek and Baek, {S. J.} and J. Baylon and M. Bu{\'e}nerd and M. Copley and S. Coutu and L. Derome and B. Fields and M. Gupta and Han, {J. H.} and Howley, {I. J.} and Huh, {H. G.} and Hwang, {Y. S.} and Hyun, {H. J.} and Jeong, {I. S.} and Kah, {D. H.} and Kang, {K. H.} and Kim, {D. Y.} and Kim, {H. J.} and Kim, {K. C.} and Kim, {M. H.} and K. Kwashnak and J. Lee and Lee, {M. H.} and Link, {J. T.} and L. Lutz and A. Malinin and A. Menchaca-Rocha and Mitchell, {J. W.} and S. Nutter and O. Ofoha and H. Park and Park, {I. H.} and Park, {J. M.} and P. Patterson and Smith, {J. R.} and J. Wu and Yoon, {Y. S.}",

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month = may,

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doi = "10.1016/j.asr.2014.01.013",

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Seo, ES, Anderson, T, Angelaszek, D, Baek, SJ, Baylon, J, Buénerd, M, Copley, M, Coutu, S, Derome, L, Fields, B, Gupta, M, Han, JH, Howley, IJ, Huh, HG, Hwang, YS, Hyun, HJ, Jeong, IS, Kah, DH, Kang, KH, Kim, DY, Kim, HJ, Kim, KC, Kim, MH, Kwashnak, K, Lee, J, Lee, MH, Link, JT, Lutz, L, Malinin, A, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Mitchell, JW, Nutter, S, Ofoha, O, Park, H, Park, IH, Park, JM, Patterson, P, Smith, JR, Wu, J & Yoon, YS 2014, 'Cosmic Ray Energetics and Mass for the International Space Station (ISS-CREAM)', Advances in Space Research, vol. 53, no. 10, pp. 1451-1455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2014.01.013

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AU - Seo, E. S.

AU - Anderson, T.

AU - Angelaszek, D.

AU - Baek, S. J.

AU - Baylon, J.

AU - Buénerd, M.

AU - Copley, M.

AU - Coutu, S.

AU - Derome, L.

AU - Fields, B.

AU - Gupta, M.

AU - Han, J. H.

AU - Howley, I. J.

AU - Huh, H. G.

AU - Hwang, Y. S.

AU - Hyun, H. J.

AU - Jeong, I. S.

AU - Kah, D. H.

AU - Kang, K. H.

AU - Kim, D. Y.

AU - Kim, H. J.

AU - Kim, K. C.

AU - Kim, M. H.

AU - Kwashnak, K.

AU - Lee, J.

AU - Lee, M. H.

AU - Link, J. T.

AU - Lutz, L.

AU - Malinin, A.

AU - Menchaca-Rocha, A.

AU - Mitchell, J. W.

AU - Nutter, S.

AU - Ofoha, O.

AU - Park, H.

AU - Park, I. H.

AU - Park, J. M.

AU - Patterson, P.

AU - Smith, J. R.

AU - Wu, J.

AU - Yoon, Y. S.

PY - 2014/5/15

Y1 - 2014/5/15

N2 - The Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass (CREAM) instrument is configured with a suite of particle detectors to measure TeV cosmic-ray elemental spectra from protons to iron nuclei over a wide energy range. The goal is to extend direct measurements of cosmic-ray composition to the highest energies practical, and thereby have enough overlap with ground based indirect measurements to answer questions on cosmic-ray origin, acceleration and propagation. The balloon-borne CREAM was flown successfully for about 161 days in six flights over Antarctica to measure elemental spectra of Z = 1-26 nuclei over the energy range 10 10 to >10 14 eV. Transforming the balloon instrument into ISS-CREAM involves identification and replacement of components that would be at risk in the International Space Station (ISS) environment, in addition to assessing safety and mission assurance concerns. The transformation process includes rigorous testing of components to reduce risks and increase survivability on the launch vehicle and operations on the ISS without negatively impacting the heritage of the successful CREAM design. The project status, including results from the ongoing analysis of existing data and, particularly, plans to increase the exposure factor by another order of magnitude utilizing the International Space Station are presented.

AB - The Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass (CREAM) instrument is configured with a suite of particle detectors to measure TeV cosmic-ray elemental spectra from protons to iron nuclei over a wide energy range. The goal is to extend direct measurements of cosmic-ray composition to the highest energies practical, and thereby have enough overlap with ground based indirect measurements to answer questions on cosmic-ray origin, acceleration and propagation. The balloon-borne CREAM was flown successfully for about 161 days in six flights over Antarctica to measure elemental spectra of Z = 1-26 nuclei over the energy range 10 10 to >10 14 eV. Transforming the balloon instrument into ISS-CREAM involves identification and replacement of components that would be at risk in the International Space Station (ISS) environment, in addition to assessing safety and mission assurance concerns. The transformation process includes rigorous testing of components to reduce risks and increase survivability on the launch vehicle and operations on the ISS without negatively impacting the heritage of the successful CREAM design. The project status, including results from the ongoing analysis of existing data and, particularly, plans to increase the exposure factor by another order of magnitude utilizing the International Space Station are presented.

KW - CREAM

KW - Cosmic rays

KW - Direct measurements

KW - Elemental spectra

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DO - 10.1016/j.asr.2014.01.013

M3 - Article

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SN - 0273-1177

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SP - 1451

EP - 1455

JO - Advances in Space Research

JF - Advances in Space Research

IS - 10

ER -

Cosmic Ray Energetics and Mass for the International Space Station (ISS-CREAM)

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Keywords

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