Crystal growth and luminescence characterization of LaCl₃:Dy³⁺ single crystal for the laser application

This paper reports the LaCl₃:Dy³⁺ single crystal that was successfully grown by an in-house-developed Bridgman furnace. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) data were investigated for structural characterization of LaCl₃:Dy³⁺ single crystal. The emission spectrum of the grown crystal was recorded under UV excitation, which reveals intense emissions in the blue (478 nm) and yellow (571 nm) regions, corresponding to the characteristic Dy³⁺ transitions. The CIE coordinates and CCT values were used to determine the color of the emitted light, obtained from the emission spectra. Judd-Ofelt theory was also applied to calculate the JO parameters (Ω₂, Ω_4, and Ω₆) and radiative properties such as radiative transition probabilities (A_R), stimulated emission cross-sections (σ(λ_p)), and branching ratios (β_R). The results illustrate the capability of the LaCl₃:Dy³⁺ crystal, a promising candidate for a 571 nm laser source.