Effects of a herbal formulation, KGC3P, and its individual component, nepetin, on coal fly dust-induced airway inflammation

Evelyn Saba, Young sil Lee, Won Kyung Yang, Yuan Yee Lee, Min Ki Kim, Su Min Woo, Kil Soo Kim, Young Sam Kwon, Tae Hwan Kim, Dongmi Kwak, Yang Chun Park, Han Jae Shin, Chang Kyun Han, Jae Wook Oh, Young Cheol Lee, Hyung Sik Kang, Man Hee Rhee, Seung Hyung Kim

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21 Scopus citations

Abstract

Coal fly dust (CFD)-induced asthma model is used as an ambient particulate matter model of serious pulmonary damage. We aimed to evaluate the effects of a combination of ginseng and Salvia plebeia R. Br extract (KGC-03-PS; KG3P) and its individual components (hispidulin, nepetin and rosmarinic acid) in a CFD-induced mouse model of airway inflammation (asthma). We also evaluated signal transduction by KG3P and its individual components in the alveolar macrophage cell line, MH-S cells. In vitro, KG3P and its individual components inhibited nitric oxide production and expression of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines (iNOS, COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) through the NF-κB and MAPK pathways in coal fly ash (CFA)-induced inflammation in MH-S cells. Moreover, in the CFD-induced asthma model in mice, KG3P and its predominant individual component, nepetin, inhibited Asymmetric Dimethyl arginine (ADMA) and Symmetric Dimethyl arginine (SDMA) in serum, and decreased the histopathologic score in the lungs. A significant reduction in the neutrophils and immune cells in BALF and lung tissue was demonstrated, with significant reduction in the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines. Finally, IRAK-1 localization was also potently inhibited by KG3P and nepetin. Thus, KG3P extract can be considered as a potent candidate for amelioration of airway inflammation.

Original languageEnglish
Article number14036
JournalScientific Reports
Volume10
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Dec 2020

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