Effects of p- and d-block metal co-substitution on the electronic structure and physicochemical properties of InMO₄ (M = Nb and Ta) semiconductors

We have investigated the effect of the co-substitution of Sn^IV and Ni^II ions on the electronic structure and physicochemical property of InMO₄ (M = Nb, Ta) semiconductors. The co-substitution leads to a red-shift of absorption edge as well as to an appearance of satellite peak below the absorption edge. Depending on the nature of valence orbitals, the substitution of p- and d-block elements results in the lowering of conduction band and the formation of impurity states in the middle of bandgap, respectively. Such a band modification makes the photocatalytic activity of InMO₄ improved against the photodegradation of organic molecules.