Enhanced Conversion Efficiency in MAPbI₃ Perovskite Solar Cells through Parameters Optimization via SCAPS-1D Simulation

In this study, various factors affecting the efficiency of the MAPbI₃ perovskite solar cell (PSC) were analyzed using the SCAPS-1D simulation program. The basic device analyzed in this study had a structure of ITO/TiO₂/MAPbI₃/Cu₂O/Au. The thickness of each layer (electron transport layer (ETL), perovskite absorption layer (PAL), and hole transport layer (HTL)), PAL defect density and interface defect density were investigated as parameters. The optimized parameters that yielded the highest light conversion efficiency were an ETL (TiO₂) thickness of 100 nm, a PAL (MAPbI₃) thickness of 1300 nm, an HTL (Cu₂O) thickness of 400 nm, a PAL defect density of 10¹⁴ cm⁻³, and an interface defect density of 10¹³ cm⁻³ for both absorber/ETL and absorber/HTL interfaces. The optimized PSC exhibited a maximum efficiency of 19.30%. These results obtained in this study are expected to contribute considerably to the optimization and efficiency improvement of perovskite solar cells using inorganic charge-carrier transport layers.