TY - JOUR
T1 - Evaluation of biochar-ultrafiltration membrane processes for humic acid removal under various hydrodynamic, pH, ionic strength, and pressure conditions
AU - Shankar, Vaibhavi
AU - Heo, Jiyong
AU - Al-Hamadani, Yasir A.J.
AU - Park, Chang Min
AU - Chu, Kyoung Hoon
AU - Yoon, Yeomin
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2017/7/15
Y1 - 2017/7/15
N2 - The performance of an ultrafiltration (UF)-biochar process was evaluated in comparison with a UF membrane process for the removal of humic acid (HA). Bench-scale UF experiments were conducted to study the rejection and flux trends under various hydrodynamic, pH, ionic strength, and pressure conditions. The resistance-in-series model was used to evaluate the processes and it showed that unlike stirred conditions, where low fouling resistance was observed (28.7 × 1012 m−1 to 32.5 × 1012 m−1), higher values and comparable trends were obtained for UF-biochar and UF alone for unstirred conditions (28.7 × 1012 m−1 to 32.5 × 1012 m−1). Thus, the processes were further evaluated under unstirred conditions. Additionally, total fouling resistance was decreased in the presence of biochar by 6%, indicating that HA adsorption by biochar could diminish adsorption fouling on the UF membrane and thus improve the efficiency of the UF-biochar process. The rejection trends of UF-biochar and UF alone were similar in most cases, whereas UF-biochar showed a noticeable increase in flux of around 18–25% under various experimental conditions due to reduced membrane fouling. Three-cycle filtration tests further demonstrated that UF-biochar showed better membrane recovery and antifouling capability by showing more HA rejection (3–5%) than UF membrane alone with each subsequent cycle of filtration. As a result of these findings, the UF-biochar process may potentially prove be a viable treatment option for the removal of HA from water.
AB - The performance of an ultrafiltration (UF)-biochar process was evaluated in comparison with a UF membrane process for the removal of humic acid (HA). Bench-scale UF experiments were conducted to study the rejection and flux trends under various hydrodynamic, pH, ionic strength, and pressure conditions. The resistance-in-series model was used to evaluate the processes and it showed that unlike stirred conditions, where low fouling resistance was observed (28.7 × 1012 m−1 to 32.5 × 1012 m−1), higher values and comparable trends were obtained for UF-biochar and UF alone for unstirred conditions (28.7 × 1012 m−1 to 32.5 × 1012 m−1). Thus, the processes were further evaluated under unstirred conditions. Additionally, total fouling resistance was decreased in the presence of biochar by 6%, indicating that HA adsorption by biochar could diminish adsorption fouling on the UF membrane and thus improve the efficiency of the UF-biochar process. The rejection trends of UF-biochar and UF alone were similar in most cases, whereas UF-biochar showed a noticeable increase in flux of around 18–25% under various experimental conditions due to reduced membrane fouling. Three-cycle filtration tests further demonstrated that UF-biochar showed better membrane recovery and antifouling capability by showing more HA rejection (3–5%) than UF membrane alone with each subsequent cycle of filtration. As a result of these findings, the UF-biochar process may potentially prove be a viable treatment option for the removal of HA from water.
KW - Antifouling capability
KW - Biochar
KW - Humic acid
KW - Membrane recovery
KW - Ultrafiltration
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85017515905&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.04.040
DO - 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.04.040
M3 - Article
C2 - 28432886
AN - SCOPUS:85017515905
SN - 0301-4797
VL - 197
SP - 610
EP - 618
JO - Journal of Environmental Management
JF - Journal of Environmental Management
ER -