Functional properties of newly bred ‘summer prince’ apples

Apples are one of the most commonly eaten fruits in the world. Therefore, we studied the functionality of apple, a natural raw material that does not have toxicity or sensitivity problems. In this study, ‘Summer Prince’ apple cultivar, newly bred in Korea, was selected as a material, and the experiment was conducted by controlling the total phenolic content (TPC) at various concentrations. The experiment was confirmed by measuring TPC, anti-oxidant activity, and physiological-related enzyme inhibition activity. The peel and whole flesh of ‘Summer Prince’ apples were extracted using water and ethanol, and each extract demonstrated relatively high levels of TPC at 6.83 and 11.11 g·kg^-1, and 3.41 and 4.65 g·kg^-1, respectively. In the peel and whole extracts, 60 and 50% ethanol was measured. The anti-oxidant activity was measured in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), anti-oxidant protection factor (PF), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARs) assays. Both ‘Summer Prince’ peel and whole extract showed significant effects, but DPPH and ABTS, which showed water-soluble anti-oxidant effects, had better effects than positive control. Therefore, ‘Summer Prince’ apple extracts possess substantial anti-oxidant properties, and physiological-related enzyme inhibition activity was expected. Since inhibitors of enzymes involved in diseases are important factors in terms of drug availability, the ‘Summer Prince’ peel and whole extracts at 50－200 µg·mL^-1 concentration were used to investigate the inhibitory effect. The expression levels of enzyme inhibitions activities were decreased in a concentration-dependent manner when ‘Summer Prince’ extracts were treated. These results support the high potential for using these extracts in functional food and cosmetics applications, as the ‘Summer Prince’ apples were determined to have various anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-wrinkle, and anti-diabetic functions.