In situ intercalative polymerization of conducting polypyrrole/ montmorillonite nanocomposites

Conducting polypyrrole (PPy)-montmorillonite (MMT) clay nanocompo-sites have been synthesized by the in situ intercalative polymerization method. The PPy-MMT nanocomposites are characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. XRD patterns show that after polymerization by the in situ intercalative method with ammonium persulfate and 1 M HCl, an increase in the basal spacing from 1.2 to 1.9 nm was observed, signifying that PPy is synthesized between the interlayer spaces of MMT. TEM and SEM micrographs suggest that the coexistence of intercalated MMT layers with the PPy macromolecules. FTIR reveals that there might be possible interfacial interactions present between the MMT clay and PPy matrix. The study also shows that the introduction of MMT clay results in thermal stability improvement of the PPy.