TY - JOUR
T1 - Inhibitory effects of thromboxane A 2 generation by ginsenoside Ro due to attenuation of cytosolic phospholipase A 2 phosphorylation and arachidonic acid release
AU - Shin, Jung Hae
AU - Kwon, Hyuk Woo
AU - Rhee, Man Hee
AU - Park, Hwa Jin
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018
PY - 2019/4
Y1 - 2019/4
N2 - Background: Thromboxane A 2 (TXA 2 ) induces platelet aggregation and promotes thrombus formation. Although ginsenoside Ro (G-Ro) from Panax ginseng is known to exhibit a Ca 2+ -antagonistic antiplatelet effect, whether it inhibits Ca 2+ -dependent cytosolic phospholipase A 2 (cPLA 2α ) activity to prevent the release of arachidonic acid (AA), a TXA 2 precursor, is unknown. In this study, we attempted to identify the mechanism underlying G-Ro-mediated TXA 2 inhibition. Methods: We investigated whether G-Ro attenuates TXA 2 production and its associated molecules, such as cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), TXA 2 synthase (TXAS), cPLA 2α , mitogen-activated protein kinases, and AA. To assay COX-1 and TXAS, we used microsomal fraction of platelets. Results: G-Ro reduced TXA 2 production by inhibiting AA release. It acted by decreasing the phosphorylation of cPLA 2α , p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase1, rather than by inhibiting COX-1 and TXAS in thrombin-activated human platelets. Conclusion: G-Ro inhibits AA release to attenuate TXA 2 production, which may counteract TXA 2 -associated thrombosis.
AB - Background: Thromboxane A 2 (TXA 2 ) induces platelet aggregation and promotes thrombus formation. Although ginsenoside Ro (G-Ro) from Panax ginseng is known to exhibit a Ca 2+ -antagonistic antiplatelet effect, whether it inhibits Ca 2+ -dependent cytosolic phospholipase A 2 (cPLA 2α ) activity to prevent the release of arachidonic acid (AA), a TXA 2 precursor, is unknown. In this study, we attempted to identify the mechanism underlying G-Ro-mediated TXA 2 inhibition. Methods: We investigated whether G-Ro attenuates TXA 2 production and its associated molecules, such as cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), TXA 2 synthase (TXAS), cPLA 2α , mitogen-activated protein kinases, and AA. To assay COX-1 and TXAS, we used microsomal fraction of platelets. Results: G-Ro reduced TXA 2 production by inhibiting AA release. It acted by decreasing the phosphorylation of cPLA 2α , p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase1, rather than by inhibiting COX-1 and TXAS in thrombin-activated human platelets. Conclusion: G-Ro inhibits AA release to attenuate TXA 2 production, which may counteract TXA 2 -associated thrombosis.
KW - Arachidonic acid
KW - Cytosolic phospholipase A
KW - Ginsenoside Ro
KW - Mitogen-activated protein kinases
KW - Thromboxane A
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85044681514&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jgr.2017.12.007
DO - 10.1016/j.jgr.2017.12.007
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85044681514
SN - 1226-8453
VL - 43
SP - 236
EP - 241
JO - Journal of Ginseng Research
JF - Journal of Ginseng Research
IS - 2
ER -