Kinetic hydrate inhibition performance of MEG in under-inhibition system: Reduction opportunities of MEG injection for offshore gas fields developments

In offshore gas field development, mono-ethylene glycol (MEG) has been a robust choice for hydrate inhibition in subsea pro-duction systems and flowlines. Once hydrate blockage forms, considerable efforts and loss of production are inevitable to re-mediate the hydrate blockage. Therefore, the industry has been relying on the injection of considerable amount of MEG which is used to be over-estimated based on the worst operation condition: shut-in pressure, sea water temperature, and maximum water cut. However, during steady-state operation, the range of operation condition might be different from the worst condi-tion and for shut-in condition; the sufficient cool down time for hydrate formation could be guaranteed with appropriate insu-lation. More thorough analysis is required using the multiphase flow simulator. Furthermore, recent studies suggest that MEG may have kinetic hydrate inhibition (KHI) performance. An under-inhibited system where an insufficient amount of THI is present might be possible to avoid hydrate blockage issues and to reduce the operating cost for the injection of large amount of MEG. In this work, the evaluation of under-inhibited system is carried out to identify the possibility of hydrate blockage for-mation using multiphase flow simulation tool, OLGA, and accompanying hydrate kinetics experiments. The temperature and pressure profiles along with the liquid holdup are estimated during the steady-state and transient operation of offshore gas fields. The optimized concentration of MEG is calculated form the simulation results. Then the under-inhibition concept is evaluated from hydrate kinetics experiments to investigate possible reduction of MEG injection rate. The obtained results sug-gest that at least 30% of MEG injection can be reduced using the kinetic inhibition performance of MEG in under-inhibited system, which in turn increase economic feasibility of offshore gas fields. More advanced strategy to manage hydrate blockage in offshore field developments would be developed based on the optimization of the injection rate in under-inhibited system.