Abstract
BaTiO3(BT)-templated 0.5Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.16PbZrO3–0.34PbTiO3 with 0.2 wt% Li2CO3 (PNN-PZT + LC) ceramics were successfully sintered at temperatures less than 1050°C. Their structural, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties were systematically investigated as a function of amount of BT, which ranged from 2 to 10 vol%. The PNN-PZT + LC ceramics sintered at 1000°C showed highly textured morphologies with preferred (0 0 1) orientation, having Lotgering factors (fL) of 85% and higher. When sintering temperature exceeded 1000°C, the epitaxial grain growth of PNN-PZT + LC rhombohedral phase, driven by BT templates, was hindered by dramatically enlarged matrix grains. In situ X-ray diffractometry analyses are performed to identify phase transition behavior depending on temperature. Properties of d33 (1180 pC/N) and kp (80.3%) were obtained for the 2 vol% BT-templated PNN-PZT + LC ceramic sintered at 1000°C, along with ferroelectric properties of 2Pr (56.1 μC/cm2) and 2Ec (1.26 kV/mm) at 3.5 kV/mm. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and piezo-response force microscopy were utilized to investigate domain structure and epitaxial grain growth between templated BaTiO3 and matrix ceramics. The low-temperature sintered specimen showed an extremely large electrostrain characteristic (d33*) of 1215 pm/V at 1 kV/mm. Furthermore, textured multilayer piezoelectric actuators exhibited higher actuator performance and lower energy loss compared to untextured multilayer piezoelectric actuators, indicating their potential for use in piezoelectric actuator devices.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 4178-4196 |
Number of pages | 19 |
Journal | Journal of the American Ceramic Society |
Volume | 107 |
Issue number | 6 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 1 Jun 2024 |
Keywords
- PNN-PZT
- low-temperature sintering
- piezoelectric actuator
- templated grain growth
- textured piezoelectric ceramic