One-step green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using casein hydrolytic peptides and their anti-cancer assessment using the DU145 cell line

This study demonstrates casein hydrolytic peptide (CHP)-mediated synthesis of crystalline gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The AuNPs formation was triggered by the addition of an aqueous NaOH solution due to the catalytic properties of OH^- and/or hydration of the functional groups of CHPs. The CHPs were capable of forming a monolayer on the AuNP surface via electrostatic interactions, thus playing an important role in long-term stability (12 months). The AuNPs resulted in lower viability in the human prostate cancer cell line as compared to the normal mouse hepatocyte cell line, this property exhibits the potential of AuNPs for applications in cancer therapy.