Passive cooling methods for battery thermal management

The efficacy of power batteries serves as a significant barrier to the shift from traditional internal combustion engine vehicles to electric vehicles (EVs). The performance, durability, and safety of the prevalent lithium-ion battery are notably impacted by temperature variations. Consequently, it is vital for EVs to integrate an effective battery thermal management system (BTMS). The BTMS aims to alleviate adverse thermal effects by minimizing the maximum battery temperature and the temperature disparity within the battery pack itself. This section provides an in-depth review of several passive battery thermal control solutions. The examination primarily emphasizes passive BTMS that employ phase-change materials (PCMs) and heat pipes as central components. The results indicate that BTMSs which incorporate PCM and heat pipes can offer superior thermal regulation while eliminating the necessity for power consumption. This section also delivers recommendations for the creation of practical and cost-effective BTMS with reduced power requirements, and decreased size and weight.