Peripheral Changes Associated With Delayed Dark Adaptation in Age-related Macular Degeneration

Inês Laíns, Dong Ho Park, Ryo Mukai, Rebecca Silverman, Patrick Oellers, Steven Mach, Ivana K. Kim, Demetrios G. Vavvas, Joan W. Miller, John B. Miller, Deeba Husain

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

16 Scopus citations

Abstract

Purpose: To study the association between peripheral changes in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and dark adaptation (DA). Design: Prospective, cross-sectional study. Methods: We recruited patients with AMD and a control group (>50 years) without any vitreoretinal disease. Ultra-widefield (UWF) pseudocolor and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) were obtained, and were assessed by 2 graders for the presence of several peripheral changes in perimacular, midperipheral, and far-peripheral zones. All participants were also imaged with 7-field color fundus photographs used for AMD staging (Age-Related Eye Disease Study classification system). Both eyes of study participants were tested with a dark adaptation (DA) extended protocol (20 minutes). Multilevel mixed-effect models (accounting for correlated outcomes between 2 eyes) were used for analyses. Results: We included 128 eyes (n = 72 patients), 75% with AMD and the remainder controls. The presence of reticular pigmentary changes in the midperipheral (ß = 4.3, P =.012) and far-peripheral zones (ß = 8.4, P <.001) was associated with delayed rod-intercept times (RITs), even after adjusting for confounding factors. The presence, number, and extent of peripheral classic drusen did not show a similar association (P ≥.148). The presence of a mottled decreased FAF pattern in the midperipheral zone was also associated with prolonged RITs (β = 4.4, P =.031). Conclusion: Our results suggest an association between DA and the presence of peripheral reticular pigmentary changes, as well as the presence of a peripheral mottled decreased FAF pattern. This provides new insights on the clinical significance of peripheral changes in AMD, and their contribution to impairments on DA.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)113-124
Number of pages12
JournalAmerican Journal of Ophthalmology
Volume190
DOIs
StatePublished - Jun 2018

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