Phenotypic characteristics and karyotype analysis of Hibiscus sabdariffa var. Sabdariffa by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)

Deepo Deen Mohammad, Islam M.D. Mazharul, Tapce Cherry Ann, Hong Yul Kim, Ki Byung Lim

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

9 Scopus citations

Abstract

The aim of this research was to ascertain the chromosome number, karyomorphology, distribution of 5S and 18S rDNA loci, individual chromosome length, total chromosome length, DNA content, genome sizes, and phenotypic characteristics of H. sabdariffa var. sabdariffa. The chromosome number and detailed karyotype were analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using 5S and 18S rDNA probes. H. sabdariffa var. sabdariffa was tetraploid, and the chromosome number of somatic cells was 72 (2n = 4x = 72). According to FISH analysis, four 5S rDNA loci and ten 18S rDNA loci were detected. The lengths of the somatic chromosomes ranged from 3.53 to 6.88 μm, with a total chromosome length of 97.95 μm, where the total length of short arms and long arms were 37.16 and 60.79 μm respectively. The somatic cells of this species had twelve pairs of metacentric (m) and six pairs of submetacentric (sm) chromosomes. The karyotype formula was K = (2n) = 4x = 72 = 48m + 24sm. In this experiment, DNA content and genome sizes of H. sabdariffa var. sabdariffa were estimated by flow cytometry. 2C-DNA content and 2C genome size were 4.29 pg and 3338.8 Mbp, respectively. The leaf shape, leaf apex, and leaf margin were ovate, acute, and palmatipartite, respectively. The flower colour was purple and single in type. In addition, the diameter of the flower was 7.2 cm and the length of the flower eye was 1.87 cm. These results will contribute to further breeding and cytogenetic studies of H. sabdariffa var. sabdariffa.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)695-704
Number of pages10
JournalHorticultural Science and Technology
Volume38
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - 2020

Keywords

  • 18S rDNA
  • 5S rDNA
  • Breeding
  • Cytogenetics
  • Loci

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