Physiology and pathophysiology of cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E2 in the kidney

Rikke Nørregaard; Tae Hwan Kwon; Jørgen Frøkiær

doi:10.1016/j.krcp.2015.10.004

Physiology and pathophysiology of cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E2 in the kidney

Rikke Nørregaard, Tae Hwan Kwon, Jørgen Frøkiær

Department of Medicine

Aarhus University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

163 Scopus citations

Abstract

The cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme system is the major pathway catalyzing the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins (PGs). PGs are lipid mediators implicated in a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes in the kidney, including renal hemodynamics, body water and sodium balance, and the inflammatory injury characteristic in multiple renal diseases. Since the beginning of 1990s, it has been confirmed that COX exists in 2 isoforms, referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Even though the 2 enzymes are similar in size and structure, COX-1 and COX-2 are regulated by different systems and have different functional roles. This review summarizes the current data on renal expression of the 2 COX isoforms and highlights mainly the role of COX-2 and PGE2 in several physiological and pathophysiological processes in the kidney.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	194-200
Number of pages	7
Journal	Kidney Research and Clinical Practice
Volume	34
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.krcp.2015.10.004
State	Published - 1 Dec 2015

Keywords

Acute kidney injury
Cyclooxygenase
Obstructive nephropathy
Prostaglandin E2
Water balance

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10.1016/j.krcp.2015.10.004

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title = "Physiology and pathophysiology of cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E2 in the kidney",

abstract = "The cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme system is the major pathway catalyzing the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins (PGs). PGs are lipid mediators implicated in a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes in the kidney, including renal hemodynamics, body water and sodium balance, and the inflammatory injury characteristic in multiple renal diseases. Since the beginning of 1990s, it has been confirmed that COX exists in 2 isoforms, referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Even though the 2 enzymes are similar in size and structure, COX-1 and COX-2 are regulated by different systems and have different functional roles. This review summarizes the current data on renal expression of the 2 COX isoforms and highlights mainly the role of COX-2 and PGE2 in several physiological and pathophysiological processes in the kidney.",

keywords = "Acute kidney injury, Cyclooxygenase, Obstructive nephropathy, Prostaglandin E2, Water balance",

author = "Rikke N{\o}rregaard and Kwon, {Tae Hwan} and J{\o}rgen Fr{\o}ki{\ae}r",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2015. The Korean Society of Nephrology. Published by Elsevier Ltd.",

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T1 - Physiology and pathophysiology of cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E2 in the kidney

AU - Nørregaard, Rikke

AU - Kwon, Tae Hwan

AU - Frøkiær, Jørgen

PY - 2015/12/1

Y1 - 2015/12/1

N2 - The cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme system is the major pathway catalyzing the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins (PGs). PGs are lipid mediators implicated in a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes in the kidney, including renal hemodynamics, body water and sodium balance, and the inflammatory injury characteristic in multiple renal diseases. Since the beginning of 1990s, it has been confirmed that COX exists in 2 isoforms, referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Even though the 2 enzymes are similar in size and structure, COX-1 and COX-2 are regulated by different systems and have different functional roles. This review summarizes the current data on renal expression of the 2 COX isoforms and highlights mainly the role of COX-2 and PGE2 in several physiological and pathophysiological processes in the kidney.

AB - The cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme system is the major pathway catalyzing the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins (PGs). PGs are lipid mediators implicated in a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes in the kidney, including renal hemodynamics, body water and sodium balance, and the inflammatory injury characteristic in multiple renal diseases. Since the beginning of 1990s, it has been confirmed that COX exists in 2 isoforms, referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Even though the 2 enzymes are similar in size and structure, COX-1 and COX-2 are regulated by different systems and have different functional roles. This review summarizes the current data on renal expression of the 2 COX isoforms and highlights mainly the role of COX-2 and PGE2 in several physiological and pathophysiological processes in the kidney.

KW - Acute kidney injury

KW - Cyclooxygenase

KW - Obstructive nephropathy

KW - Prostaglandin E2

KW - Water balance

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U2 - 10.1016/j.krcp.2015.10.004

DO - 10.1016/j.krcp.2015.10.004

M3 - Review article

AN - SCOPUS:84960492328

SN - 2211-9132

VL - 34

SP - 194

EP - 200

JO - Kidney Research and Clinical Practice

JF - Kidney Research and Clinical Practice

IS - 4

ER -

Physiology and pathophysiology of cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E2 in the kidney

Abstract

Keywords

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