Predictive value of circulating miRNAs in lymph node metastasis for colon cancer

(1) Background: Lymph node (LN) status is an indubitable prognostic factor for survival among colon cancer patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in the development and progression of many cancers and are potential biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. There-fore, we validated candidate biomarkers using circulating miRNAs by analyzing the plasma miRNA concentrations from patients with colon cancer to predict LN metastasis. (2) Methods: This study included 79 blood samples from patients diagnosed with colon cancer. The NanoString assay was used for screening, and TaqMan miRNA assays for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test was used for validation. In a discovery set, we compared the expression of 800 circulating miRNAs in 24 samples (stage 0/I/IIA versus IIIB/IIIC). For validation, a total 79 samples were tested using quantitative RT-PCR. (3) Results: In the discovery set, 10 candidate circulating miRNAs were detected (4 up-regulated miRNAs: miR-323a-3p, miR-382-5p, miR-29a-3p, and miR-376a-3p; 6 down-regulated miRNAs: miR-26a-5p, let-7g-5p, miR-15b-5p, miR-142-3p, miR-374a-5p, and let-7b-5p). In the validation set, higher expression of three circulating miRNAs (miR-323a-3p, miR-382-5p, and miR-376a-3p) was significantly associated with LN metastasis (p = 0.0063, 0.0107, and 0.0022). (4) Conclusions: High expression of circulating miR-323a-3p, miR-382-5p, and miR-376a-3p was significantly associated with LN metastasis in colon cancer patients. These miRNAs could be circulating biomarker candidates that predict the presence of LN metastasis.