Prevalence and molecular characterization of intestinal parasites in shelter dogs from South Korea

The prevalence and molecular characteristics of zoonotic intestinal parasites in stray dogs housed in shelter centers across South Korea were investigated in this study. A total of 846 fecal samples were collected from shelters in the northern, central, southern and Jeju Island regions between 2019 and 2020. PCR analysis identified the presence of Giardia duodenalis (5.4 %), Enterocytozoon bieneusi (1.4 %), Blastocystis sp. (0.1 %), and Cryptosporidium spp. (0.5 %). Phylogenetic analysis further revealed zoonotic genotypes, including assemblages C, D, and F of G. duodenalis; zoonotic group 1 of E. bieneusi; the ST4 subtype of Blastocystis sp.; and C. canis. Notably, this study represents the first report of E. bieneusi and G. duodenalis assemblage F in dogs in South Korea, as well as the ST4 subtype of Blastocystis sp. These findings underscore the potential risk of zoonotic transmission between dogs and humans, particularly in settings characterized by overcrowding and inadequate hygiene, such as animal shelters. The results emphasize the need for routine deworming, enhanced sanitation protocols, and targeted surveillance programs to reduce zoonotic risks. By offering novel epidemiological insights, this research contributes to the advancement of public health and animal welfare efforts.