TY - JOUR
T1 - Sodium-alginate-laden MXene and MOF systems and their composite hydrogel beads for batch and fixed-bed adsorption of naproxen with electrochemical regeneration
AU - Ghani, Ahsan Abdul
AU - Devarayapalli, Kamakshaiah Charyulu
AU - Kim, Bolam
AU - Lim, Youngsu
AU - Kim, Gyuhyeon
AU - Jang, Jiseon
AU - Lee, Dae Sung
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2023/10/15
Y1 - 2023/10/15
N2 - Sodium alginate (SA)-laden two-dimensional (2D) Ti3C2Tx MXene (MX) and MIL-101(Fe) (a type of metal–organic framework (MOF)) composites were prepared and used for the removal of naproxen (NPX), following the adsorption and electrochemical regeneration processes. The fixed-bed adsorption column studies were also conducted to study the process of removal of NPX by hydrogels. The number of interactions via which the MX-embedded SA (MX@SA) could adsorb NPX was higher than the number of pathways associated with NPX adsorption on the MIL-101(Fe)-embedded SA (MIL-101(Fe)@SA), and the MX and MIL-101(Fe) composite embedded SA (MX/MIL-101(Fe)@SA). The optimum parameters for the electrochemical regeneration process were determined: charge passed and current density values were 169.3 C g−1 and 10 mA cm−2, respectively, for MX@SA, and the charge passed and current density values were 16.7 C g−1 and 5 mA cm−2, respectively, for both MIL-101(Fe)@SA and MX/MIL-101(Fe)@SA. These parameters enabled excellent regeneration, consistent over multiple adsorption and electrochemical regeneration cycles. The mechanism for the regeneration of the materials was proposed that the regeneration of MX@SA and MIL-101(Fe)@SA involved the indirect electrooxidation process in the presence of OH radicals, and the regeneration of MX/MIL-101(Fe)@SA involved the indirect oxidation process in the presence of active chlorine species.
AB - Sodium alginate (SA)-laden two-dimensional (2D) Ti3C2Tx MXene (MX) and MIL-101(Fe) (a type of metal–organic framework (MOF)) composites were prepared and used for the removal of naproxen (NPX), following the adsorption and electrochemical regeneration processes. The fixed-bed adsorption column studies were also conducted to study the process of removal of NPX by hydrogels. The number of interactions via which the MX-embedded SA (MX@SA) could adsorb NPX was higher than the number of pathways associated with NPX adsorption on the MIL-101(Fe)-embedded SA (MIL-101(Fe)@SA), and the MX and MIL-101(Fe) composite embedded SA (MX/MIL-101(Fe)@SA). The optimum parameters for the electrochemical regeneration process were determined: charge passed and current density values were 169.3 C g−1 and 10 mA cm−2, respectively, for MX@SA, and the charge passed and current density values were 16.7 C g−1 and 5 mA cm−2, respectively, for both MIL-101(Fe)@SA and MX/MIL-101(Fe)@SA. These parameters enabled excellent regeneration, consistent over multiple adsorption and electrochemical regeneration cycles. The mechanism for the regeneration of the materials was proposed that the regeneration of MX@SA and MIL-101(Fe)@SA involved the indirect electrooxidation process in the presence of OH radicals, and the regeneration of MX/MIL-101(Fe)@SA involved the indirect oxidation process in the presence of active chlorine species.
KW - Adsorption
KW - Electrochemical regeneration
KW - MXene
KW - Metal–organic frameworks
KW - Naproxen
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85163755196&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121098
DO - 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121098
M3 - Article
C2 - 37479431
AN - SCOPUS:85163755196
SN - 0144-8617
VL - 318
JO - Carbohydrate Polymers
JF - Carbohydrate Polymers
M1 - 121098
ER -