Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitory activity of selaginellin derivatives from selaginella tamariscina

Selaginellin derivatives 1-3 isolated from Selaginella tamariscina were evaluated for their inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) to demonstrate their potential for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. All selaginellin derivatives (1-3) inhibited sEH enzymatic activity and PHOME hydrolysis, in a dose-dependent manner, with IC₅₀ values of 3.1 ± 0.1, 8.2 ± 2.2, and 4.2 ± 0.2 μM, respectively. We further determined that the derivatives function as non-competitive inhibitors. Moreover, the predicted that binding sites and interaction between 1-3 and sEH were solved by docking simulations. According to quantitative analysis, 1-3 were confirmed to have high content in the roots of S. tamariscina; among them, selaginellin 3 exhibited the highest content of 189.3 ± 0.0 μg/g.