Spectroscopy characteristics of Sm³⁺-doped sodium barium borate oxide and oxyfluoride glasses for laser materials

Sm³⁺-doped sodium barium borate oxide and oxyfluoride glasses were prepared by melt-quenching technique and investigated through the optical absorption and emission analysis. The optical absorption of Sm³⁺-doped oxide and oxyfluoride glasses presents the highest peak at 401 nm in visible region while the absorbance of both glasses is found to be similar. The optical absorption has been used to derive the Judd-Ofelt (JO) parameters (Oλ, λ = 2, 4 and 6). The trend of JO parameter is ω₄ > ω₂ > ω₆. Moreover, the JO parameters are used to predict the radiative properties which are significant for the assessment of the suitability of a glass for laser emission. The emission of both glasses comprises 4 peaks at 563, 600, 646 and 706 nm. When compared emission intensity between oxide and oxyfluoride glasses, the oxyfluoride glass is higher than oxide glass due to the reduction of phonon energy. Furthermore, the emission spectra can be calculated the stimulated emission cross section which is one of the most important parameter that characterizes the laser performance of glasses.