The anti-platelet activity of Hypsizygus marmoreus extract is involved in the suppression of intracellular calcium mobilization and integrin α _IIbβ ₃ activation

Hypsizygus marmoreus are wild and edible mushrooms found in East Asia that are included in the Shimeji family. H. marmoreus have emerged as a pivotal entity and therapeutic target in cardiovascular diseases, but there is little information of their effects on platelet function. Therefore, our study was designed to investigate the effect of this extract on platelet aggregation induced by various agonists, [Ca ²⁺] _i mobilization, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylations, ATP secretion, and integrin α _IIbβ ₃ activation. We found that H. marmoreus methanol extract dose-dependently inhibited platelet aggregation that was induced by collagen, but not by thrombin or ADP. Collagen-induced intracellular calcium concentration [Ca ²⁺] _i was also dose-dependently suppressed in H. marmoreus extract treated platelets. In addition, collagen-activated ATP secretion was lowered by the H. marmoreus extract treatment. Moreover, H. marmoreus extract was revealed to attenuate fibrinogen binding initiated by collagen. However, ERK phosphorylation was not affected. In conclusion, H. marmoreus extract inhibit platelet aggregation induced by collagen, intracellular calcium mobilization, and dense granule secretion while suppressing integrin α _IIbβ ₃ activation. Finally, this suggests that H. marmoreus could be developed as a functional food or phytomedicine against platelet related cardiovascular disease, including thrombosis, stroke and atherosclerosis.