Abstract
The tolerance of a free space optical interconnection was analyzed using the image motion method and a ray tracing software. The theoretical analysis indicated that the decentering between a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser and a micro-lens is the most critical alignment error to the image motion and should be controlled carefully during fabrication. In addition, the reduced divergence angle due to the micro-lens reduced the sensitivity of the decentering error in a collimating lens to image motion. In addition, we suggest that the use of the alignment holes and balls on the substrate enables precise passive alignment between a VCSEL and micro-lens.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 220 |
| Journal | Optical and Quantum Electronics |
| Volume | 48 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 1 Mar 2016 |
Keywords
- Image motion
- Optical interconnect
- Optical invariant
- Passive alignment
- Tolerance
- VCSEL
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