Transfection property of a new cholesterol-based cationic lipid containing tri-2-hydroxyethylamine as gene delivery vehicle

A novel cholesterol-based cationic lipid containing a tri-2-hydroxyethylamine head group and ether linker (Chol-THEA) was synthesized and examined as a potent gene delivery vehicle. In the preparation of cationic liposome, the addition of DOPE as helper lipid significantly increased the transfection efficiency. To find the optimum transfection efficiency, we screened various weight ratios of DOPE and liposome/DNA (N/P). The best transfection efficiency was found at the Chol-THEA:DOPE weight ratio of 1:1 and N/P weight ratio of 10~15. Most of the plasmid DNA was retarded by this liposome at the optimum N/P weight ratio of 10. The transfection efficiency of Chol-THEA liposome was compared with DOTAP, Lipofectamine, and DMRIE-C using the luciferase assay and GFP expression. Chol-THEA liposome with low toxicity had better or similar potency of gene delivery compared with commercial liposomes in COS-7, Huh-7, and MCF-7 cells. Therefore, Chol-THEA could be a useful non-viral vector for gene delivery.